Ebola virus disease evd, or simply ebola, is a viral haemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses. They have noted rapid mutations that could affect current diagnostics, vaccines and therapies, and say it is imperative to monitor the viral changes and adaption. In this wiki we aim to gather all the results of the analysis of the ebola virus strains responsible for recent outbreaks in 2014. Ebola virus are generally approximately 80 nm in diameter, 970 nm long. In this case, some of the filamentous virions are fused together, endtoend, giving the appearance of a bowl of. If nothing happens, download github desktop and try again. We used ebola virus infected macaques to model humans who died of ebola virus disease. The ebola virus genome encodes seven proteins, including a nucleoprotein, four virion structural proteins vp35, vp40, vp30, vp24, glycoprotein gp, and rnadependent rna polymerase l protein. Searchable database of ebola virus genomes with visualization and analysis tools. Downloads for the ebola genome in the ucsc genome browser can be found.
The 2014 ebola outbreak in west africa is the largest documented for this virus. Noncoding regions of the ebola virus genome contain indispensable phylogenetic and evolutionary information article pdf available in science china. Anti ebola therapy for patients with ebola virus disease. One strain, the zaire ebola virus is responsible for the recent ebola outbreak in westafrica. Negativestranded rna linear genome, about 1819 kb in size. Pdf genomic sequencing for early identification of ebola virus remains a big. Reston ebolavirus was first discovered in laboratories in reston, united states of america usa 5 ebola virus is responsible for viral hemorrhagic fevers like. Recognized first in 1976 in the democratic republic of congo, outbreaks continue to occur in equatorial africa. Zaire ebolavirus strain mayinga76 zebov zaire ebola virus. Postmortem stability of ebola virus volume 21, number 5. The 2014 outbreak in west africa provides evidence that ebov is emerging into new geographic regions.
The entire genomic rna of the gulu uganda 2000 strain of ebola virus was sequenced and compared to the genomes of other filoviruses. The location of the coding region for each protein in shown in lower panel. The nucleocapsid is surrounded by an outer viral envelope studded with viral glycoprotein gp spikes, and viral proteins vp40 and vp24 sit between the nucleocapsid and the envelope. Ebov, is one of six known species within the genus ebolavirus. Ebola virus particles have at their core a viral nucleocapsid composed of a helical single stranded rna genome wrapped around viral proteins np, vp35, vp30, and l. Ebola viruses represent a class of filoviruses that causes severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality. The mechanisms of attachment and entry of the virus are not clear, but are assumed to be similar to those of other strand rna viruses, such as influenza virus. Auperinsequence analysis of the ebola virus genome. Reemergence of ebola virus in africa volume 1, number 3. Ebola, the killer virus infectious diseases of poverty. The ebola glycoprotein has the task binding to receptors on a cell surface and getting the ebola genome inside. A synthetic ebola virus genome without is proteins appears to be noninfectious.
Ucsc genome browser on ebola virus sierra leone 2014 g3683km034562. Table downloads are also available via the genome browser ftp server. Proteomes zaire ebolavirus strain mayinga76 zebov zaire ebola virus. Complete genome sequence of an ebola virus sudan species responsible for a 2000 outbreak of human disease in uganda. Complete genome sequence of an ebola virus sudan species.
The ebola virus genome and proteome the ebola virus is a singlestranded, negativesense mini genome rna virus. To examine the dynamics of this genome, we compare more than 100 currently available ebolavirus genomes to each. Ebola virus disease evd has mostly affected economically deprived countries as limited resources adversely affect a countrys infrastructure and administration. Four of the six known ebolaviruses, including ebov, cause a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals, known as ebola virus disease evd. Ebolavirus resource allows exploration of the ebolavirus. Complete genome sequence of a new ebola virus strain. Zaire ebolavirus, more commonly known as ebola virus i. Probing into the factors that led to the widespread outbreak, setting forth plans to counter evd cases in developing countries, and devising definitive measures to limit the spread of the disease are essential steps that must be. Within that directory a readme file will describe the various files available.
Genomic surveillance elucidates ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak. One strain, the zaire ebola virus is responsible for the recent ebola. Sanchez a, rollin pe 2005 complete genome sequence of an ebola virus sudan species responsible for a 2000 outbreak of human disease in uganda. The viral genomes resource is a collection of viral genomic sequences that is a part of the entrez genomes, which provides curated sequence data and annotations of complete genomes to the scientific community. The national library of medicine has created an ebolavirus resource as a part of its virus variation tool where you can retrieve, view and download the nucleotide and protein sequences. Pdf complete genome sequence of a new ebola virus strain. The animal reservoir for ebola virus is uncertain, but bats are suspected. We also want to compare the new outbreak genome sequencing to genomes isolated from other mammals and previous. Download the complete genome for an organism ncbi nih. Ebola virus, being highly pathogenic for humans and nonhuman primates and the subject of former weapons programmes, is now one of the most feared pathogens worldwide. Atlas of the genome of ebolavirus kj660347, showing, from the. Pdf noncoding regions of the ebola virus genome contain. To view the complete and current version, please refer to the ebola virus infection topic on the bmj best practice website.
This is how you get ebola, as explained by science. Responding rapidly to the deadly outbreak of ebola virus disease evd in west africa, a team of researchers from the broad institute and harvard university, working with the sierra leone ministry of health and sanitation and researchers elsewhere, has sequenced and analyzed many ebola virus genomes. We present here clinical data and contact information for at least 19 case patients, and fulllength ebov genome sequences for 12 of the 20. The genome of ebola virus contains instructions for building seven proteins, which assemble with the genomic rna to form one of the deadliest viruses. Longitudinal analysis of host transcriptome response in wholeblood from cynomolgus macaques vaccinated with vsvebov 28, 21, 14, 7, and 3 days before ebov challenge. Ebola, also known as ebola virus disease evd, is a viral haemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses. This data represents the first comprehensive genetic analysis for a representative isolate of the sudan species of ebola virus. Over the past 25 years, several methods for detecting infection andor disease with ebola virus have been developed that are amenable for use in clinical laboratory settings. Containment limited the 2014 nigerian ebola virus ebov disease outbreak to 20 reported cases and 8 fatalities. Antigen capture tests have been reported in the literature using monoclonal antibodies against several ebola virus targets, including the envelope. Wip analysis of ebola virus genome crowdsourcing github. The virus generally appears in a long, filamentous form, but it can also be ushaped, in the shape of a 6 the shepherds crook appearance, or even circular. African haemorrhagic fever, ebola haemorrhagic fever ehf, ebola hf, filovirus, ebo virus ebov, zaire ebolavirus zebov, sudan ebolavirus sebov, ivory coast ebolavirus icebov, ebola reston rebov, bundibugyo ebolavirus bebov, and ebola.
Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus with a fever, sore throat, muscular pain, and headaches. The ongoing ebola virus outbreak in west africa has highlighted questions regarding stability of the virus and detection of rna from corpses. Enter a comma or space separated list of sequence accessions or upload text file with this list. Vomiting, diarrhoea and rash usually follow, along with decreased function of the liver and kidneys. Virus pathogen database and analysis resource vipr. It extends from the surface of the virus, and is covered with carbohydrate chains that hide it from the immune system. The ebola virus genome and proteome biosynthesis inc. The ssrna genome of ebola virus is arranged in 7 separate units. Ebola virus epidemiology and evolution in nigeria the. Nucleic acids isolated from negative strand rna viruses or virus. Overview ebola viruses contain a singlestranded rna genome that encodes seven viral proteins. Role of vp30 phosphorylation in the ebola virus replication cycle miguel j.
How an ebola drug might fight covid19 health news us news. A safe and effective ebola virus vaccine is needed because of its continued emergence and its potential for use for biodefense. They are cylindricaltubular, and contain viral envelope, matrix, and nucleocapsid components. Seeking the source of ebola national geographic society. Members of the family filoviridae, which currently consists of ebola and marburg viruses, cause severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fevers in humans and nonhuman primates. Ebola virus ebov belongs to the filoviridae family of negativesense rna viruses. Natural reservoir of ebola virus still unknown until now. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an ebola virus strain obtained during the 2017 likati outbreak in the democratic republic of the congo drc by using the oxford nanopore technologies ont minion sequencer. The authors analyzed changes in the viral sequence and conclude that the current. The ebola virus life cycle can be spread over following stages. Ucsc ebola portal ucsc genome browser uc santa cruz. In addition to the ebolavirus database, the page offers links to other ebolavirus resources, such as the ncbi zaire ebolavirus reference genome, publications, 2014 ebola outbreak information. Ebola virions image 2 colorized 1, diagnostic specimen from the first passage in vero cells of a specimen from a human patient this image is from the first isolation and visualization of ebola virus, 1976. Download scientific diagram atlas of the genome of ebolavirus kj660347, showing, from the outer ring inwards, variations within 84 other ebolavirus genomes.
Lassa fever, yellow fever, marburg and dengue fever. The high rate of mortality in the current ebola epidemic has made it difficult for researchers to collect samples of the virus and study its evolution. An international team of researchers have published genome sequencing data to help the international efforts now underway to control the ebola outbreak. Ebola virus is transmitted through fruit bats of the pteropodidae family which are natural ebola virus hosts. A layer of matrix proteins support the membrane on. The ebola virus first appeared in the continent of africa, and the 20142016 outbreak in west africa was the largest and most complex ebola outbreak since the virus was first discovered in 1976. Their findings could have important implications for rapid field diagnostic tests. This page contains links to sequence and annotation data downloads for the genome assemblies featured in the ucsc genome browser.
The events in kikwit highlighted an important difference between marburg and ebola viruses that has persisted. Ebola virus has caused the majority of human deaths from evd, and was the cause of the. The incomplete coverage of the ebola virus genome of some of the samples and the lack of samples from the previous transmission chain limited the. Since its identification in 1976, sporadic outbreaks have occurred in central africa. Whereas outbreaks of marburg virus disease usually begin around caves and mines, ebola virus disease outbreaks usually begin with hunting and carcass scavenging, which are forest activities.
Handson activity ebola disease detectives educator. Ebola virus is surrounded by a membrane stolen from an infected cell, and studded with ebola glycoproteins. Genomic sequencing for early identification of ebola virus remains a big challenge in lowincome countries. A dna vaccine for ebola virus is safe and immunogenic in a. Complete genome sequence of a new ebola virus strain isolated.
Ebola virus disease evd is a rare and deadly disease most commonly affecting people and nonhuman primates monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees. Roles of vp35, vp40 and vp24 proteins of ebola virus in. It is caused by an infection with one of five known ebola virus species, four of which can cause disease in people. Li yh, chen sp 2014 evolutionary history of ebola virus.